Research Article: Impact of severe immunoparesis degree and duration on progression-free survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a retrospective cohort study of 258 patients
Abstract:
To investigate the relationship between the degree and duration of immunoparesis at diagnosis and poor prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM).
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 258 patients with NDMM, including the status and duration of immunoparesis and the influence of other factors on prognosis.
91.5% of NDMM had varying degrees of immunoparesis. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly shorter in the severe immunoparesis group than in the non-severe immunoparesis group (25 months vs. 34 months, P = 0.0149). The median PFS was significantly shorter in the groups with severe immunoparesis lasting ? 3, ? 6, and ? 12 months than in the group with non-severe immunoparesis lasting (P ?0.05). Osteolytic lesions, 17p deletion/mutation, hemoglobin < 85g/L, and severe immunoparesis lasting ? 12 months were independent poor prognostic factors for PFS (all P < 0.05). Circulating plasma cells ? 2% and osteolytic lesions were independent poor prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) (all P < 0.05).
Immunoparesis at diagnosis and its duration are poor prognostic factors for PFS in patients with NDMM.
Introduction:
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the third most common hematological malignancy and remains incurable ( 1 ). A hallmark of the disease is plasma cell dysfunction, leading to immunoparesis, hypogammaglobulinemia, and increased susceptibility to infection ( 2 , 3 ). Immunoparesis is defined as a condition in which one or more uninvolved polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) levels fall below the lower limit of the normal range. It is observed at all stages of multiple myeloma, including monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined…
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