Research Article: Antimicrobial resistance trends among dominant pathogens in six clinical departments of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 2020–2024
Abstract:
A review of antibiotic resistance and pathogen detection in six key clinical departments of our hospital was conducted between 2020 and 2024. Future hospital-acquired infection prevention, control strategies, and targeted medicine administration in relevant departments can be based on this study.
We performed a retrospective analysis of bacterial isolates collected from six clinical departments in our hospital over the past 5?years, focusing on the number, distribution, and changing trends in antibiotic resistance rates among common infections.
22,201 pathogenic bacterial strains were found in six departments over 5?years. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common pathogen in the Intensive Care Unit. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; Escherichia coli in Hematology; Haemophilus influenzae in Pediatrics; Escherichia coli in Orthopedics; Klebsiella pneumoniae in Neurosurgery. While Haemophilus influenzae showed increasing trends, the proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa among annually detected pathogens showed downward annual fluctuations ( p <?0.05 for both); no significant linear variations were seen in prominent pathogens across other departments. The multidrug resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii remained consistently high. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed aberrant oscillations in amikacin resistance ( p <?0.001) and significantly elevated resistance to cefotaxime and levofloxacin. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa continued to exhibit low-to-moderate resistance rates to three antibiotics, with no discernible trends ( p >?0.05). Haemophilus influenzae showed no resistance to ofloxacin or cefotaxime. The Intensive Care Unit had the highest resistance burden ( p ??0.002). The departments of Hematology, Neurosurgery, Orthopedics, and Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine are at an intermediate level; Pediatrics has the lowest burden of drug resistance.
The distribution of infectious pathogens in our hospital varies significantly by department. The associated antibiotic resistance profiles reveal a considerable burden in high-risk departments, and some resistance patterns are worsening over time. These findings point to an urgent need for targeted, department-specific antimicrobial stewardship and infection control strategies.
Introduction:
Antibiotics have been used extensively in clinical antimicrobial therapy since their development, successfully reducing the incidence and mortality of hospital-acquired infections. However, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has progressively emerged as a global public health crisis. If left unchecked, AMR is projected to contribute to over 5 million deaths annually by 2050 ( 1 , 2 ). In order to do this, the World Health Organization has urged that new antibiotics be developed more quickly and that drug-resistant…
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