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Research Article: Nursing management of fat embolism syndrome complicating tibial fracture in an adolescent: a case report

Date Published: 2026-07-30

Abstract:
Fat Embolism Syndrome is a dangerous complications, which cause by the lipid particles from fracture site block micro micro-circulation vessels in the vital organs (pulmonary, cardiac and Skin). The adolescents who's bone were during an active period of bone growth. Although FES is rare in adolescents, those with long-bone fractures remain at risk. The developmental, psychological, and social needs of adolescent patients differ from those of adults, necessitating age-specific nursing approaches, and the clinical manifestations, psychological and social responses, and rehabilitation needs of adolescents patients are different with adult patients. Therefore, this report takes the nursing practice of patients with 17-year-old tibial fractures and concurrent FES, which focuses on the early identification within the “24–72?h” time window after trauma and the systematic organ support. Based on the nursing practice of this case we concluded our experience about personalized nursing plan that integrates advanced monitoring technology, developmental psychological and social support, and early rehabilitation intervention can truly improve oxygenation, stabilize the internal environment, and promote dual rehabilitation of both the body and the mind. So, it is also an excellent evidence-based reference for the nursing care of FES in adolescents.

Introduction:
Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is considered a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of long-bone fractures, and the reported prevalence is 1%–11% in those with such fractures ( 1 ). FES is currently considered to result from multiple interacting mechanisms rather than a single pathological process. These include mechanical obstruction after bone marrow fat enters the bloodstream, biochemical injury mediated by lipid metabolites, inflammatory cascades, disruption of the endothelial barrier, and…

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