Research Article: Evaluation of the predictive and prognostic performance of the PILE score in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Abstract:
The PILE score, integrating pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, has been proposed as a composite biomarker in many cancer types. However, its real-world predictive and prognostic performance remains uncertain in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We retrospectively analyzed 67 patients with mRCC treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy at two oncology centers. Patients were stratified into low (0–1) and high (?2) PILE score groups. Patients with low PILE scores demonstrated significantly higher disease control rates compared with those with high PILE scores (90.0% vs. 58.8%, p =?0.004), along with a numerically higher objective response rate (68.0% vs. 41.2%, p =?0.05), suggesting a potential predictive trend. However, PILE score was not independently associated with progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS). These findings suggest that the PILE score may function primarily as a predictive marker of treatment response rather than a robust prognostic tool in this setting. Prospective studies are warranted to clarify its potential role in treatment selection.
Introduction:
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents approximately 2–3% of all adult malignancies and is the most common kidney cancer worldwide ( 1 , 2 ). According to GLOBOCAN 2022, over 430,000 new cases are diagnosed annually, leading to approximately 180,000 deaths per year ( 3 , 4 ). The prognosis of mRCC remains highly variable, ranging from indolent disease with prolonged stability to rapid progression and poor survival ( 5 , 6 ). Treatment outcomes have substantially improved with the introduction of vascular…
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