Research Article: Potential profiles and associated factors of medication safety competence at home: a study in the older adults following percutaneous coronary intervention
Abstract:
To explore the latent profiles of home medication safety competence in older adults patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and analyze the associated factors of different latent profiles, so as to provide a reference for constructing precise medication management plans.
Convenience sampling was used to select older adults patients who underwent PCI in the Department of Cardiology of a tertiary general hospital in Sichuan Province from February to June 2025 as the study subjects. General information questionnaire, Medication Safety Competence Scale, Short Health Literacy Scale, and Family APGAR Scale were used for investigation. Latent profile analysis was used to identify profiles of medication safety competence. We compared 1 to 4 profiles and chose the best model based on fit indices [Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), adjusted Bayesian information criterion (aBIC)], entropy, and interpretability. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the associated factors.
A total of 393 older adults patients after PCI were included, with an average score of home medication safety competence of (102.081 ± 6.11) points. A 3-profile model was selected as the best solution (AIC = 8,837.83, BIC = 8,909.36, entropy = 0.875). Three profiles were identified: low competence group (31.0%), moderate competence group (56.0%), and high competence group (13.0%). Education level, age, health literacy, family support, and family medication reminder frequency were the main factors associated with patients' belonging to different competence profiles (all P < 0.05).
There is significant population heterogeneity in home medication safety competence among older adults patients after PCI. In nursing practice, stratified and precise intervention strategies should be adopted based on the characteristics and associated factors of different competence profiles. Special attention should be paid to patients with low education level, advanced age, low health literacy, and weak family support. Enhancing patients' health literacy and strengthening the family support system are essential to promote and maintain their home medication safety competence.
Introduction:
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD), commonly known as coronary heart disease, is a cardiac condition caused by the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis. This leads to myocardial ischemia, hypoxia, and even necrosis ( 1 ). Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death globally. In 2021, the number of cases reached 254.28 million worldwide, highlighting their high incidence and severe impact ( 2 ). With the accelerating aging of the population, the prevalence of CHD…
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