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Research Article: A study on the effect of remimazolam on cellular immune function during the perioperative period in older adults who are having laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer

Date Published: 2026-08-03

Abstract:
To investigate the effect of remimazolam on perioperative cellular immune function in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. Sixty elderly patients were randomly assigned to receive either propofol (Group P, n=30) or remimazolam (Group R, n=30) for anesthesia induction and maintenance. Hemodynamic parameters, Bispectral Index (BIS), emergence time, vasopressor requirement, and adverse reactions were recorded. T lymphocyte subsets (CD3 + , CD4 + , CD8 + ) and NK cells were measured by flow cytometry at designated timepoints (T0: pre-induction; T3: 60 minutes after establishing pneumoperitoneum; T5: 5min post-extubation; T6: 24h postoperatively), and the CD4 + /CD8 + ratio was calculated. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) at T5 was significantly higher in Group R compared to Group P (P<0.05). Group R had a significantly lower intraoperative vasopressor usage rate (P<0.05) but a longer emergence time (P<0.05). CD4 + cells and the CD4 + /CD8 + ratio at T5 were significantly lower in Group R than in Group P (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in other T-cell subsets, NK cells at other time points, intraoperative analgesic consumption, or the incidence of adverse reactions. No statistically significant difference was detected between remimazolam and propofol in the primary endpoint (NK cell percentage at 24 hours postoperatively); however, this superiority-designed study was not powered to demonstrate equivalence. Remimazolam reduced intraoperative vasopressor requirement but may prolong emergence time, with a temporary decrease in CD4 + cells and CD4 + /CD8 + ratio at 5 minutes after extubation.

Introduction:
The impact of anesthesia on patients’ perioperative immune function is gradually becoming an important focus in modern anesthesiology research. Existing evidence suggests that anesthetic agents can affect the tumor microenvironment by regulating immune cell function and inflammatory factors, thereby affecting the dissemination and metastasis of tumor cells ( 1 – 3 ). Propofol, a commonly used intravenous anesthetic in clinical practice, has some research backing its potential anti-tumor effects (such as inhibiting…

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