Clinical Documents

To edit the draft, click on the text box below.

×

Draft a comprehensive differential diagnosis for acute substernal chest pain in a 45-year-old male with hypertension and hyperlipidemia, diaphoresis, exertional onset, and normal initial ECG/troponin; include life-threatening causes first, key distinguishing features, and immediate diagnostic next steps.

Draft a detailed differential diagnosis for new-onset unilateral throbbing headache with visual aura and brief monocular vision loss in a 32-year-old female on oral contraceptives; include red-flag symptoms, stroke/TIA considerations, and recommended initial workup.

Draft an assessment and plan for stage-2 hypertension (BP 162/98) in an obese 52-year-old with suspected obstructive sleep apnea; include ASCVD risk estimate, lifestyle prescriptions, first-line pharmacotherapy with drug/dose/targets, baseline labs/monitoring, and 4–6 week follow-up.

Draft an assessment and plan for type 2 diabetes follow-up with A1c 9.2% on metformin 1,000 mg BID and eGFR 65; compare adding a GLP-1 receptor agonist vs an SGLT2 inhibitor, address weight loss goals, hypoglycemia education, vaccinations, and micro/macrovascular screening.

Draft a history and physical for a patient presenting with chest pain, including HPI using OLDCARTS, pertinent ROS, PMH/meds/allergies, FH/SH, focused cardiac/pulmonary exam, initial labs and imaging orders, prioritized differential, HEART score risk stratification, and early management.

Draft a history and physical for a new patient with progressive exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and bilateral leg edema; include differential (heart failure, COPD, PE, anemia, renal disease), targeted exam maneuvers, and first-line diagnostics and management.

Draft a progress note for COPD follow-up two weeks after an acute exacerbation treated with prednisone and antibiotics; include symptom trajectory, CAT score (if available), inhaler technique/adherence, oxygen needs, spirometry plan, smoking cessation counseling, and return precautions.

Draft a progress note for post-operative day 2 after total knee arthroplasty; include pain control strategy, DVT prophylaxis, PT/OT milestones, wound status, bowel/urinary function, labs/vitals review, complications screening, and discharge readiness.

Draft a discharge summary for community-acquired pneumonia admission; include admission/discharge dates, presenting symptoms, radiology/labs, pathogen if identified, inpatient therapies and response, discharge medications with durations, pending tests, follow-up appointments, and return precautions.

Draft a discharge summary for myocardial infarction managed with PCI and drug-eluting stent placement; include cath findings, complications, inpatient course, discharge medications (DAPT, statin, beta-blocker, ACEi/ARB), cardiac rehab referral, and follow-up plan.

Draft discharge instructions for a patient hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure; include daily weights, sodium and fluid restriction amounts, medication list with dosing, signs of worsening heart failure, follow-up appointments, and lab monitoring plan.

Draft discharge instructions for an asthma exacerbation; include controller and reliever regimen, steroid taper schedule, spacer technique, trigger avoidance, a written asthma action plan, return precautions, and follow-up timing.

Draft a patient handout on managing high blood pressure in plain language; explain what BP numbers mean, key lifestyle steps (DASH diet, sodium limits, alcohol moderation), home BP monitoring instructions, medication adherence tips, and when to call the doctor.

Draft a patient handout for type 2 diabetes education in plain language; cover A1c goals, the plate method, physical activity targets, self-monitoring of blood glucose, hypoglycemia signs and the 15-15 rule, foot care basics, and a vaccination checklist.

Draft a summary of the latest CDC and WHO guidelines for managing community-acquired pneumonia in adults, including empiric antibiotic choices, duration of therapy, and follow-up recommendations.

Draft a plain-language overview of the ADA and AACE guidelines for diabetes management, focusing on A1c goals, weight management, and the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors.

Draft a summary of the 2024 USPSTF breast cancer screening recommendations, including updated screening intervals, risk-based approaches, and the role of MRI for high-risk patients.

Draft a concise summary of NCCN guidelines for melanoma management, including staging, surgical margins, adjuvant therapy, and checkpoint inhibitor recommendations.

Draft treatment alternatives for community-acquired MRSA skin infections in patients allergic to sulfa drugs; include oral and IV options, dosing, and duration.

Draft treatment alternatives for patients with type 2 diabetes who are unable to tolerate GLP-1 receptor agonists due to nausea; include medication substitutions and lifestyle recommendations.

Draft a summary of options for treating refractory depression, comparing ketamine infusions, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Draft treatment options for advanced prostate cancer, including hormonal therapy, radiopharmaceuticals, and novel androgen receptor pathway inhibitors.

Draft a summary of recent research on mRNA vaccine technology beyond COVID-19, including applications in oncology and autoimmune disease prevention.

Draft an easy-to-understand overview of long COVID research, summarizing major symptoms, hypothesized mechanisms, and emerging treatment approaches.

Draft a summary of current research on Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, including amyloid and tau imaging, and discuss how they influence diagnosis and trial design.

Draft an explanation of the interaction between warfarin and antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin or TMP-SMX, including INR effects and management recommendations.

Draft a summary evaluating drug interactions for patients taking Paxlovid and common cardiovascular drugs; include mechanism and recommended dose adjustments.

Draft a summary of the common and serious side effects of semaglutide, including GI intolerance, gallbladder disease, and thyroid-related warnings.

Draft an overview of potential side effects associated with long-term corticosteroid use, including osteoporosis, glucose intolerance, and adrenal suppression.

Draft a summary of essential lab tests to order in suspected acute pancreatitis, including amylase, lipase, liver enzymes, and metabolic panels, with interpretation guidance.

Draft laboratory workup recommendations for suspected hypothyroidism, including TSH, free T4, thyroid antibodies, and when to consider secondary causes.

Draft an explanation of which labs should be monitored in patients receiving methotrexate therapy, including CBC, LFTs, renal function, and frequency of monitoring.

why choose us

Edit Geo

×

300×250 Ad Slot

Research Article: The use of non-mydriatic ocular fundus imaging in the emergency department for detection of ocular syphilis presenting as presumed “papilledema”: a case series

Date Published: 2026-07-30

Abstract:
Ocular syphilis and neurosyphilis can present as seemingly “isolated” bilateral optic disc edema mimicking papilledema from intracranial hypertension. As a result, patients are often sent to the emergency department (ED) for “papilledema work-up,” which can lead to delayed or missed ocular syphilis diagnosis since serologic testing for syphilis is not routinely performed in patients with presumed “papilledema.” Our study describes eight patients initially referred to our ED for “papilledema” workup who were ultimately diagnosed with ocular syphilis based on characteristic findings seen on non-mydriatic ocular fundus photography and optical coherence tomography nerve/macula (NMFP-OCT) obtained in the ED. To describe the ocular imaging findings seen on non-mydriatic ocular fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (NMFP-OCT) in the ED and clinical outcomes of patients with ocular syphilis who presented to the ED with presumed “papilledema”. Descriptive case series study involving prospective collection of all consecutive adult patients presenting to our general ED between 6/14/2023 to 9/21/2025 for “papilledema work-up,” who were subsequently diagnosed with ocular syphilis. Clinical findings on NMFP-OCT were reviewed. From 6/14/2023 to 9/21/2025, 8/318 patients (2.5%) who underwent our “papilledema protocol” were ultimately diagnosed with ocular syphilis. All 8 patients had bilateral optic disc edema on ocular imaging, triggering our “papilledema protocol” in the ED. Visual acuities ranged from 20/20 to hand motion. 5/8 (63%) patients had outer retinal abnormalities and 7/8 (88%) had vitreous cells, which were remotely identified on NMFP-OCT imaging obtained in the ED by ED staff. 7/8 (88%) patients underwent attempted lumbar puncture (LP), but LP was unsuccessful in 1/7 patients. 5/6 (83%) patients with LP performed in the ED had normal CSF-opening pressure; 4/6 (67%) had elevated CSF nucleated cells [range 7–24]; 3/6 (50%) patients had reactive CSF VDRL. All patients had serologic positive RPR/syphilis IgG-IgM. All patients received 14?days of IV penicillin G. 4/8 (50%) patients were lost to follow-up. Among patients who were seen in outpatient follow-up, ranging from 2?weeks to 8?months after initial presentation, all were found to have improving or resolution of disc edema. Syphilis may present as seemingly “isolated” bilateral disc edema in the ED. Remote interpretation of NMFP-OCT obtained in the ED allowed for detection of subtle outer retinal changes and vitreous cells, heightening suspicion for ocular syphilis and triggering confirmatory serologic testing.

Introduction:
Ocular syphilis and neurosyphilis can present as seemingly “isolated” bilateral optic disc edema mimicking papilledema from intracranial hypertension. As a result, patients are often sent to the emergency department (ED) for “papilledema work-up,” which can lead to delayed or missed ocular syphilis diagnosis since serologic testing for syphilis is not routinely performed in patients with presumed “papilledema.” Our study describes eight patients initially referred to our ED for “papilledema” workup who were…

Read more

300×250 Ad Slot

×
Chat & Ask Questions Career Openings Medical Doctors Check on Drug
Interactions Latest Health News
by WebHealthNetwork Get CME Credits Latest Clinical Trials Latest Research Articles Clinical Documents Update Profile

News

Chat

HCP Tools

Careers

Update Profile