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Research Article: The aMAP score improves discrimination of prognostic models in hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation

Date Published: 2026-06-17

Abstract:
The aMAP score has proven a reliable model for predicting the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with various types of hepatitis, but its value in predicting recurrence in HCC patients after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) remains unclear. This study aims to assess the utility of the aMAP score for predicting recurrence in HCC patients after RFA. The retrospective analysis included 350 firstly diagnosed HCC patients who underwent RFA. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves with the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the prognostic value of aMAP score. The Fine-Gray method was adopted for sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analyses verified the consistency of the aMAP score’s predictive value. C-index, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to evaluate its incremental predictive value. Among 350 patients undergoing RFA, a total of 197 (56.3%) patients had a low aMAP score (? 63.55), and 153 patients (43.7%) had a high aMAP score (> 63.55). Patients with low aMAP scores exhibited significantly longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) ( p = 0.016). Multivariate analysis confirmed that the aMAP score is an independent prognostic factor for RFS ( HR = 1.40, p = 0.028). Furthermore, when incorporated into a tumor-related characteristics model (tumor number and size of largest tumor), the aMAP score provided significant incremental value in predicting RFS (IDI 2.6%, p = 0.036; NRI 15.9%, p = 0.036). The aMAP score is a potentially predictor for HCC patients undergoing RFA. Incorporation of the aMAP score into the prediction model improved its predictive accuracy.

Introduction:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks sixth in global incidence and is the third most leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide ( 1 – 4 ). Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) serves as a crucial treatment for early-stage HCC, particularly in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging (BCLC) stage 0 or A ( 5 – 7 ). However, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) remain suboptimal in HCC patients following RFA ( 8 – 10 ). Therefore, identifying reliable prognostic factors for HCC patients…

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