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Research Article: TyG index predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with multimorbidity of hypertension and obstructive coronary artery disease: a cohort study

Date Published: 2026-07-16

Abstract:
Whether elevated triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is linked to long-term prognosis in individuals with hypertension and obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD) remains unclear. We applied a combination of a cohort study and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate this relationship. This study selected 1,024 individuals with essential hypertension and OCAD who were treated at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (June 2023–April 2024). We evaluated the correlation between the TyG index and the 2-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) risk using logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), subgroup analysis and interaction testing. Causal inference was conducted using MR. MACE was defined as a composite of: (1) all-cause death; (2) non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI); (3) unplanned revascularization; and (4) rehospitalization for unstable angina. After a 2-year follow-up, 202 patients (19.73%) experienced MACE. After multivariable adjustment, each one-unit increment in the TyG index was independently linked with a 45.2% increased risk of MACE (odds ratio: 1.452, 95% confidence intervals 1.101–1.913; P =?0.008). Subgroup analysis indicated that the TyG index demonstrates consistent predictive performance across different subgroups. The TyG index exhibited a significant positive linear association with MACE, as confirmed by RCS analysis. MR proved a significant causal relationship between an elevated TyG index and the incidence of various adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Elevated TyG index levels were strongly linked to worse clinical outcomes in individuals with hypertension and OCAD. MR suggested a potential causal relationship between them.

Introduction:
Whether elevated triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is linked to long-term prognosis in individuals with hypertension and obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD) remains unclear. We applied a combination of a cohort study and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate this relationship.

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